Quantum multipath bonding for resilient connectivity

CDNER-X · MPTCP · QKD · Post-Quantum Cryptography

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Data-T Research presents Quantum Multipath Bonding — a layered platform that bonds Multipath TCP transport, hybrid quantum key distribution with post-quantum cryptography, and cautious quantum-classical traffic intelligence for maritime fleets, remote extraction sites, and latency-sensitive enterprises.

0009-0009-2205-533XMuskan SharmaTaurnet 1.0
Throughput
250 Mbps
Laboratory bonded-path aggregate
Latency
15 ms
Engine present in compose stack
Bonded paths
3
Starlink · 5G · Fiber laboratory inventory
Architectural planes
4
Data · Control · Security · Intelligence

Our work

Quantum Multipath Bonding: MPTCP, QKD, and Hybrid Traffic Intelligence

Research Paper
Raja Ram M. · Muskan Sharma · Vipul Jain · Kalinga Swain · Data-T Research Org

Modern connectivity-dependent operations outgrow the single-path assumption of the original Internet Protocol suite. This article presents a layered platform bonding Multipath TCP, hybrid QKD/PQC security, and quantum-classical traffic intelligence on standard IP networking — with figures from the companion research dashboard and laboratory outputs of the bonding engine, Bell-state path picker, and BB84 sifting service.

MPTCPQKDPost-Quantum

Four-plane stack — data, control, security, intelligence

Figure 1
Architecture

Bonded paths — Starlink, 5G, and Fiber subflows

Laboratory
MPTCP
Open access archive on ZenodoRead more research on our hub

Results & figures

A standard TCP connection is bound to one address pair. Heterogeneous access — LEO and GEO satellite, 4G/5G, Wi-Fi, and mesh — together with RFC 8684 MPTCP and 2024 PQC standards make a bonded, quantum-aware stack both possible and necessary. Four planes can be hardened independently; the laboratory engine bonds three UDP paths with scheduler weights proportional to bandwidth over latency.

Table 1. Architectural planes and failure behaviour
PlaneResponsibilityGraceful fallback
DataForwarding on the hot pathRemaining interface continues as ordinary IP
ControlMPTCP lifecycle and schedulingWeighted round-robin or lowest-RTT
SecurityQKD where available; PQC elsewhereML-KEM / ML-DSA only
IntelligenceForecast and anomaly scoresFreeze last known-good weights
Four-plane stack diagram
Figure 1. Four-plane stack — intelligence, security, control, and data.
Table 2. Laboratory bonded-path inventory
NameKindBindTarget
Starlinksatellite127.0.0.1:9001127.0.0.1:10001
5Gcellular127.0.0.1:9002127.0.0.1:10002
Fiberterrestrial127.0.0.1:9003127.0.0.1:10003
Bonded paths diagram
Figure 2. Session to scheduler to three bonded paths.
Laboratory telemetry
Figure 3. Laboratory console telemetry — link, throughput, latency, engine mode, health.
Scheduler weights
Figure 4. Scheduler weights — weight_i = bandwidth_i / (latency_i + ε); fast reinjection on head-of-line blocking.
Table 3. Bell-state path-optimization snapshot
ItemValue
Algorithmbell_state_path_optimization
Shots1024
Count of 00479
Count of 11545
Selected pathFiber
Bell state counts
Figure 5. Bell-state counts — laboratory path picker.
BB84 sifting
Figure 6. BB84 sifting — Alice and Bob basis agreement.
Hybrid key management
Figure 7. Hybrid key management — QKD when available; ML-KEM / ML-DSA otherwise.
Table 4. Application mapping
SettingBonded mixSecurity note
MaritimeLEO, GEO, coastal cellularContinuity across beam and coastal hand-over
Remote miningSatellite, 4G, site meshHybrid QKD/PQC for operations data
Disaster responseWhatever links remainProtect medical and command traffic
Enterprise backupFiber, 5G, satelliteShift load before the primary path fails

Tools + Code

Research Paper

Quantum Multipath Bonding — MPTCP transport, hybrid QKD/PQC security, and Bell-state path optimisation on Zenodo.

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Taurnet 1.0

Live bonding console — session start, Bell-state path recommendation, and BB84 session protection via /api/taurnet.

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Architecture figures

Four-plane stack, bonded paths, hybrid key management, and laboratory telemetry from the CDNER-X dashboard.

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Zenodo archive

Persistent open-access record with dashboard media, figures, and laboratory JSON snapshots.

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Open access

Dashboard media, figures, and laboratory JSON snapshots are filed under the CDNER-X research programme. Persistent identifier doi:10.5281/zenodo.22219465. Data manager: Borel Sigma Data Center.

ORCID · 0009-0009-2205-533XMuskan Sharma